Phase

A Phase (位相) is a layer applied over the world which acts like a veil or filter, and changes how the world appears to be.

Principles
The world as is normally perceived is not pure and untouched - various layers exist over it and act like filters, affecting how it appears. By applying new phases over it, the world can be altered.

The many religions (Christian, Buddhist, Celtic, Indian, Shinto, Incan, Aztec, Greek, Roman, Norse etc) which have arisen throughout history have had the effect of applying various phases to the world. Powerful beings such as Majins are also able to apply new phases.

Beyond the filters lies the 'pure world', described by Othinus as a world of science unaffected by religion - one which the man known as "The Silver Star" has been apparently been attempting to tamper with.

Background
Throughout history, the various religions which have arisen have had the effect of applying phases to the world.

After Othinus became a Majin, she used her power to apply new phases and change the world, however as she did, she forgot how her original world was and as such couldn't go back once she wished to, leading her to recreate the world many times attempting to reach it.

World War III
Aleister Crowley mentions phases, specifically the adjustment of a phase's thickness, when talking to Fiamma of the Right about the similarities between their plans.

Shifting and Fluctuating World
After acquiring Gungnir, Othinus 'ends' the world, creating a new phase over it. She then proceeds to recreate the world through multiple new phases in an attempt to break Kamijou Touma. After subjecting him to many worlds, she talks about him about phases before creating one last new world.

Failing to break Touma with the phases, Othinus attempts to break him directly, repeatedly crushing him again and again without him breaking, before becoming exhausted and trying to end him. The world created by the applied phase is then ripped apart as she throws Gungnir and when the lance is destroyed, she uses a crossbow comprised of the black world to strike Touma. However as Touma dies, he manages to remind Othinus why she was trying to return to her original world in the first place - to find someone who understood her. Realizing she had inadvertently made such a person in Touma and that there may not be anyone like that in her original world, Othinus chooses to recreate Touma's world.

Created by religions

 * Heaven and Hell (Christianity)
 * The Underworld
 * The Pure Land
 * Yomi
 * The Abyss
 * Mount Olympus
 * The Fairy Island
 * Nirai Kanai
 * Asgard (Norse)

Created by Othinus

 * Black World
 * Alpha World
 * Beta World
 * Omega World